{"id":3932,"date":"2021-11-20T08:24:08","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T06:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/31.217.192.143\/~enontek1\/?page_id=3932"},"modified":"2023-06-15T09:49:33","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T06:49:33","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/explore-enontekio\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The History of Enonteki\u00f6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The human history of Enonteki\u00f6 can be traced back to the Stone Age. Dwellings from this era have been found to the north of Ounasj\u00e4rvi and on Karjalansaari. Some 1000-year-old arrowheads have been found in N\u00e4kk\u00e4l\u00e4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Early stages and sources of livelihood<\/h4>

The first means of livelihood in the region were hunting and fishing. The early hunters used deer pits \u2013 some can be seen in Hetta on the Peurapolku trail.<\/strong>This is one of the largest groups of hunting pits found in Lapland. Deer may have fallen into the pits on their own, but they were also chased towards their demise.<\/p>

The deer hunting sites also included a basecamp, meat stores and sites of worship in addition to the traps. There has been a site of worship, seita<\/b>, at the top of Jyppyr\u00e4<\/strong> as well. It was a large quadrangular rock that stood atop four smaller rocks. According to folk memory, the people who built the Enonteki\u00f6 church rolled the sacred rock down to Lake Ounasj\u00e4rvi in the 19th century.<\/p>

Large-scale reindeer herding spread to Enonteki\u00f6 in the 17th and 18th centuries. The nomadic herders travelled with their reindeer according to the seasons in an area ranging from the coniferous forest belt to the Arctic Ocean. Reindeer herding is still an important occupation in Enonteki\u00f6.<\/strong><\/p>

Agriculture arrived in Enonteki\u00f6 when the first farms were established in the late 17th or early 18th century. Other means of livelihood included making reindeer glue and boat and sledge building.<\/p>

Lapland War<\/h4>

Lapland War was fought in 1944\u201345 as part of World War II. The armistice of Finland\u2019s Continuation War with the Soviet Union required that German troops be driven out of Finland. As the Germans retreated towards the north, they adopted a scorched earth policy. Most of the buildings in Enonteki\u00f6, even the church, were burned down, and the people had to flee to Northern Sweden.<\/p>

In the later stages, Enonteki\u00f6 was the site of trench warfare, as the German 7th Mountain Division took heavily fortified positions along the Sturmbock line. The J\u00e4r\u00e4m\u00e4 fortification is the only one still standing. <\/strong>The road between Kaaresuvanto and Kilpisj\u00e4rvi was built during the Continuation War for military use.<\/p>

Finnish troops stopped at the village of Markkina, and no actual battles were fought. Hostilities ended in Kilpisj\u00e4rvi on 25 April 1945. The last remaining German troops evacuated to Norway on 27 April and Finland considered the war had ended.<\/p>

As people returned to their devastated homes, a massive reconstruction effort began. As most houses were burnt down, the majority of the buildings in Enonteki\u00f6 are from the post-war era.<\/strong><\/p>

Tourism in Enonteki\u00f6<\/h4>

The allure of Lapland\u2019s nature and improved infrastructure sparked a new wave of nature tourism in Finland in the 1930s. Enonteki\u00f6 was a popular destination from the start. Pallas-Ounastunturi National Park (Pallas-Yll\u00e4stunturi National Park since 2005) and Kilpisj\u00e4rvi were the first must-see destinations for keen nature lovers of the time. The first accommodation services sprung up in Enonteki\u00f6 in the 1920s<\/strong> and the Hetta-Pallas trail was marked in 1934. Many of the travel companies in Enonteki\u00f6 have strong roots in the region as well as generations of experience with travellers.<\/p>

Natural sciences<\/h4>

Enonteki\u00f6\u2019s nature has always drawn scientists to the region. Already in the 18th century, the Italian explorer Giuseppe Acerbi and English geologist Edward Clarke\u00a0visited Enonteki\u00f6 on their way to Nordkapp. Finnish scientists started field research in the region in the late 19th century. The Siilastupa hut in Kilpisj\u00e4rvi was built as a basecamp for researchers and travellers in the early 20th century. University of Helsinki\u2019s research station in Kilpisj\u00e4rvi, which is still in operation, was built in 1964.<\/p>

The Struve Geodetic Arc<\/strong> is a triangulation chain that stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the Black Sea. It was used to determine the shape and size of our planet in the 19th century. One of the points is located in the K\u00e4sivarsi wilderness, atop Stuorrahanoaivi, close to the Norwegian border. The first point was established in 1850 and a second followed in 1852. Both are marked with crosses carved into rock. The Struve Arc was included on the World Heritage List in 2005 as part of our heritage in science and technology.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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SHARE YOUR ADVENTURE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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#enontekiolapland<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Resources for planning your trip
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Sustainable Travel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sustainable Travel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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We have clean air, clear waters and room to breathe. When you're out and about in Enonteki\u00f6, do remember that while the environment may seem barren, it's actually full of life. You\u2019re in someone\u2019s home: the local people, animals and plants all co-exist here.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tourist Information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Is there snow on the Hetta-Pallas Trail? How high is the summit of Saana? Where can I rent fatbikes? Don\u2019t worry, Tourist Information has all the answers.
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Tourist Information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Enonteki\u00f6n historiaa Enonteki\u00f6n historiaa voidaan j\u00e4ljitt\u00e4\u00e4 aina kivikaudelle asti. Kivikautisia asuinpaikkoja on l\u00f6ydetty mm. Ounasj\u00e4rven pohjoispuolelta sek\u00e4 Karjalansaaresta. N\u00e4kk\u00e4l\u00e4st\u00e4 on l\u00f6ydetty 1000 vuotta vanhoja pronssisia nuolenk\u00e4rki\u00e4. Asutuksen alkuvaiheet ja elinkeinojen kehittyminen Ensimm\u00e4iset elinkeinot alueella olivat mets\u00e4stys ja kalastus. Mets\u00e4styksess\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin apuna peurahautoja, joita voi n\u00e4hd\u00e4 Hetassa Peurapolun varrella. Kyseess\u00e4 on yksi Lapin suurimmista pyyntikuoppaketjuista. Peurat […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":2549,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3932","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3932"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7796,"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3932\/revisions\/7796"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/enontekiolapland.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}